1---2title: "Files"3sidebar_position: 14---56# Files78Spreadsheets save as `.012` files: JSON with one line per cell, every9sheet in one file. Other formats come in through File > Import, File >10Open or the command line (`012 sales.xlsx`), and go out through File >11Download.12131415## Import and download1617Imports run in the background with a progress bar; Esc cancels. Saving18an imported sheet asks whether to save it as a `.012` file or download19it back in its format.2021| Format | Import | Download |22|---|---|---|23| CSV, TSV | Delimiter (`,` `;` tab `\|`), UTF-8 BOM, UTF-16 and Windows-1252 detected; entries become numbers, dates, currency and percentages as if typed in the sheet's [locale](../sheets/locale.md) (`;` wins a tie there when it has a decimal comma), or with the other decimal separator when the file's numbers are written that way; formulas stay text | Values as shown in the locale, of the sheet shown, as Sheets' Download does, CSV with `;` between fields where the locale has a decimal comma; a selection of whole columns or rows downloads their data, not a million blank lines |24| Excel `.xlsx` | Every sheet, with formulas, formats and most of what a sheet holds: see [Excel files](excel.md) | The same |25| SQLite | Pick a table or view, or type a query; a header row names the columns | The sheet shown or the selection as a table, first row as column names; a table of that name is replaced |26| Parquet | Every column, with dates, timestamps, times, decimals in their places and intervals as durations; lists joined with commas | |27| Lotus 1-2-3 `.wk1`, `.wks` | Numbers, labels with their alignment, formats, column widths, formulas translated (references, operators, `@SUM`, `@AVG`, `@IF`, `@ROUND`, `@PMT` and 60 more) or kept as values | |28| JSON `.json`, `.ndjson`, `.jsonl` | A list of records (or records one after another, as NDJSON): keys become the header row, numbers, booleans and text keep their types, nested lists and records are their text | The sheet shown as a list of records named by its first row, numbers as numbers |29| Nushell `.nuon` | A nushell table with its types: file sizes, durations and dates become numbers in the Size, Duration and Date time formats; see [Nushell types](../nushell/types.md) | The sheet shown as a nushell table, first row as column names, types kept by the cells' formats |30| Web page `.html` | | The sheet shown as a page in 012's look, for someone without 012: see [Web pages](#web-pages) |3132CSV, TSV, JSON, NUON and HTML downloads hold the rows a filter shows,33as Sheets copies a filtered range; XLSX keeps every row, the hidden ones34hidden.3536Formats other than XLSX import as one sheet named after the file (or the37SQLite table). Formats that keep no column widths (all but XLSX and381-2-3) have their columns fitted to the header and the first 200 rows,39at most 30 characters wide, as are tables read from standard input. A file can also be followed instead, its table in a40linked region that takes in new rows as the file grows or is rewritten:41see [Following files](following.md). A Parquet file or SQLite table too big to import links as a42[source](sources.md), read in place. A table can also come in on standard input, and go back43out on standard output: see [Pipelines](../nushell/pipelines.md).4445File > Import asks where the data goes, as Sheets' Import location does46(a new, empty spreadsheet is simply replaced):4748| Location | Does |49|---|---|50| Insert new sheet(s) | Adds the file's sheets after the sheet shown. A name already taken gets a number (`Sales 2`) and the file's formulas follow it; named ranges come along unless their name is taken. One undo step, and the spreadsheet stays the file you're editing |51| Replace current sheet | Puts the data in place of the sheet shown, keeping its name and position, so formulas and named ranges that read it read the new data. One undo step. Not offered for `.xlsx`, which holds several sheets |52| Replace spreadsheet | Opens the file instead, as File > Open and the command line do, asking first when there are unsaved changes |5354Replacing the current sheet keeps the charts that fit the new data. A55chart that drew a whole table is re-pointed to the table the file has at56the same corner when it has as many columns (rows for a chart by row),57so last month's chart draws this month's rows; a chart of part of a58table, or of whole columns or rows, keeps its range. A chart whose table59now has other columns, or whose range is empty, is removed. The context60line lists the removed charts first, then which were re-pointed and61which kept their range, and undo brings the removed ones back.6263**Size.** A sheet is 1,048,576 rows by 16,384 columns (A to XFD), as in64Excel. Imports keep at most `max-cells` cells ([Configuration](../reference/config.md#max-cells),65ten million by default, a few hundred MB): whole rows, as many as fit, and66the context line says how many rows were left out, e.g. `only the first67833,333 rows fit in max-cells (10,000,000 cells); 12,000 rows left out`.68Data past the grid's edges is left out the same way. WK1 files keep their69own 8,192 by 256. See [Bounds of support](../contributing/limits.md#imports) for speeds.7071## Web pages7273A web page download is one `.html` file that needs nothing else: its74fonts (JetBrains Mono), styles, charts and a few lines of script are in75it, so it opens offline and can be mailed or put on any web server. It76draws the sheet as 012 does: column letters and row numbers, each cell's77text as the grid shows it at its column's width, with its bold, italic,78alignment, wrapping, borders, merges, row heights, notes (the `▝` mark,79the note as its tooltip), tables' header rows and bands, and what80conditional formats and validation show (fills, color scales, data81bars, icons, checkboxes, dropdown marks). Charts float over the cells82at their corner, in their frames, drawn as SVG: shapes rather than83pixels, sharp at any zoom. The colors are the 16 ANSI colors of 012's84reference palettes, dark or light as the reader's system prefers.8586Clicking a cell, or moving with the arrow keys, puts the pointer on it:87the name box shows its address and the formula bar what was typed in88it, a formula rather than its value. A page draws at most 200,00089cells, blank ones included, and says on standard error or the context90line how many rows it left out.9192`012 export` also writes a range as a page, or one chart alone with93`--chart` ([Scripts](scripts.md#export)).9495## More9697| Page | For |98|---|---|99| [Excel files](excel.md) | What comes in from and goes out to `.xlsx` |100| [Saving](saving.md) | Atomic saves, overwrite checks, unsaved work under `012 serve` |101| [Following files](following.md) | Linked regions that follow a file as it grows or is rewritten, like `tail -f` |102| [Linked sources](sources.md) | Parquet files and SQLite tables too big for any grid, read in place on a tab of their own, with formulas and pivot tables streaming over them |103| [The .012 format](format.md) | The JSON format, its versions and fields |104| [Scripts](scripts.md) | `012 get`, `set`, `recalc` and `export`: workbooks read and changed without the screen |105| [Diff and merge in git](git.md) | `012 diff` cell by cell, and git's diff and merge drivers for `.012` files |